"espinhar" meaning in All languages combined

See espinhar on Wiktionary

Verb [Portuguese]

IPA: /is.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/ [Brazil], [is.pĩˈj̃a(h)] [Brazil], /es.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/ [Brazil], [es.pĩˈj̃a(h)] [Brazil], /is.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/ [Brazil], [is.pĩˈj̃a(h)] [Brazil], /es.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/ [Brazil], [es.pĩˈj̃a(h)] [Brazil], /is.pĩˈɲa(ɾ)/ [São-Paulo], [is.pĩˈj̃a(ɾ)] [São-Paulo], /es.pĩˈɲa(ɾ)/ [São-Paulo], [es.pĩˈj̃a(ɾ)] [São-Paulo], /iʃ.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/ [Rio-de-Janeiro], [iʃ.pĩˈj̃a(χ)] [Rio-de-Janeiro], /eʃ.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/ [Rio-de-Janeiro], [eʃ.pĩˈj̃a(χ)] [Rio-de-Janeiro], /is.pĩˈɲa(ɻ)/ [Caipira], [is.pĩˈj̃a(ɻ)] [Caipira], /es.pĩˈɲa(ɻ)/ [Caipira], [es.pĩˈj̃a(ɻ)] [Caipira], /(i)ʃ.piˈɲaɾ/ [Portugal], /(i)ʃ.piˈɲaɾ/ [Portugal], /(i)ʃ.piˈɲa.ɾi/ [Portugal, Southern]
Etymology: Etymology tree Old Galician-Portuguese espinha Portuguese espinha Portuguese -ar Portuguese espinhar From espinha + -ar. Etymology templates: {{ety|pt|:af|espinha|-ar|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree Old Galician-Portuguese espinha Portuguese espinha Portuguese -ar Portuguese espinhar [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Portuguese", "term" : "espinha", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pt" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Portuguese", "term" : "-ar", "status" : "ambiguous", "lang" : "pt" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Portuguese", "term" : "espinhar", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pt" }" data-lang="pt" data-title="espinhar"> From espinha + -ar. Head templates: {{pt-verb}} espinhar (first-person singular present espinho, first-person singular preterite espinhei, past participle espinhado), {{tlb|pt|transitive}} (transitive) Inflection templates: {{pt-conj}}, {{pt-conj|espinhar-se}} Forms: espinho [first-person, present, singular], espinhei [first-person, preterite, singular], espinhado [participle, past], no-table-tags [table-tags], espinhar [impersonal, infinitive], espinhar [first-person, infinitive, singular], espinhares [infinitive, second-person, singular], espinhar [infinitive, singular, third-person], espinharmos [first-person, infinitive, plural], espinhardes [infinitive, plural, second-person], espinharem [infinitive, plural, third-person], espinhando [gerund], espinhado [masculine, participle, past, singular], espinhados [masculine, participle, past, plural], espinhada [feminine, participle, past, singular], espinhadas [feminine, participle, past, plural], espinho [first-person, indicative, present, singular], espinhas [indicative, present, second-person, singular], espinha [indicative, present, singular, third-person], espinhamos [first-person, indicative, plural, present], espinhais [indicative, plural, present, second-person], espinham [indicative, plural, present, third-person], espinhava [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], espinhavas [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], espinhava [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], espinhávamos [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], espinháveis [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], espinhavam [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], espinhei [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], espinhaste [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], espinhou [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], espinhamos [Brazil, first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], espinhámos [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], espinhastes [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], espinharam [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], espinhara [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, singular], espinharas [indicative, pluperfect, second-person, singular], espinhara [indicative, pluperfect, singular, third-person], espinháramos [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, plural], espinháreis [indicative, pluperfect, plural, second-person], espinharam [indicative, pluperfect, plural, third-person], espinharei [first-person, future, indicative, singular], espinharás [future, indicative, second-person, singular], espinhará [future, indicative, singular, third-person], espinharemos [first-person, future, indicative, plural], espinhareis [future, indicative, plural, second-person], espinharão [future, indicative, plural, third-person], espinharia [conditional, first-person, singular], espinharias [conditional, second-person, singular], espinharia [conditional, singular, third-person], espinharíamos [conditional, first-person, plural], espinharíeis [conditional, plural, second-person], espinhariam [conditional, plural, third-person], espinhe [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], espinhes [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], espinhe [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], espinhemos [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], espinheis [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], espinhem [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], espinhasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], espinhasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], espinhasse [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], espinhássemos [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], espinhásseis [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], espinhassem [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], espinhar [first-person, future, singular, subjunctive], espinhares [future, second-person, singular, subjunctive], espinhar [future, singular, subjunctive, third-person], espinharmos [first-person, future, plural, subjunctive], espinhardes [future, plural, second-person, subjunctive], espinharem [future, plural, subjunctive, third-person], espinha [imperative, second-person, singular], espinhe [imperative, singular, third-person], espinhemos [first-person, imperative, plural], espinhai [imperative, plural, second-person], espinhem [imperative, plural, third-person], não espinhes [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], não espinhe [imperative, negative, singular, third-person], não espinhemos [first-person, imperative, negative, plural], não espinheis [imperative, negative, plural, second-person], não espinhem [imperative, negative, plural, third-person], no-table-tags [table-tags], espinhar-se [impersonal, infinitive], espinhar-me [first-person, infinitive, singular], espinhares-te [infinitive, second-person, singular], espinhar-se [infinitive, singular, third-person], espinharmo-nos [first-person, infinitive, plural], espinhardes-vos [infinitive, plural, second-person], espinharem-se [infinitive, plural, third-person], espinhando-se [gerund], espinhado [masculine, participle, past, singular], espinhados [masculine, participle, past, plural], espinhada [feminine, participle, past, singular], espinhadas [feminine, participle, past, plural], espinho-me [first-person, indicative, present, singular], espinhas-te [indicative, present, second-person, singular], espinha-se [indicative, present, singular, third-person], espinhamo-nos [first-person, indicative, plural, present], espinhais-vos [indicative, plural, present, second-person], espinham-se [indicative, plural, present, third-person], espinhava-me [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], espinhavas-te [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], espinhava-se [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], espinhávamo-nos [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], espinháveis-vos [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], espinhavam-se [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], espinhei-me [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], espinhaste-te [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], espinhou-se [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], espinhamo-nos [Brazil, first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], espinhámo-nos [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], espinhastes-vos [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], espinharam-se [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], espinhara-me [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, singular], espinharas-te [indicative, pluperfect, second-person, singular], espinhara-se [indicative, pluperfect, singular, third-person], espinháramo-nos [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, plural], espinháreis-vos [indicative, pluperfect, plural, second-person], espinharam-se [indicative, pluperfect, plural, third-person], espinhar-me-ei [first-person, future, indicative, singular], espinhar-te-ás [future, indicative, second-person, singular], espinhar-se-á [future, indicative, singular, third-person], espinhar-nos-emos [first-person, future, indicative, plural], espinhar-vos-eis [future, indicative, plural, second-person], espinhar-se-ão [future, indicative, plural, third-person], espinhar-me-ia [conditional, first-person, singular], espinhar-te-ias [conditional, second-person, singular], espinhar-se-ia [conditional, singular, third-person], espinhar-nos-íamos [conditional, first-person, plural], espinhar-vos-íeis [conditional, plural, second-person], espinhar-se-iam [conditional, plural, third-person], me espinhe [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], te espinhes [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], se espinhe [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], nos espinhemos [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], vos espinheis [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], se espinhem [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], me espinhasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], te espinhasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], se espinhasse [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], nos espinhássemos [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], vos espinhásseis [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], se espinhassem [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], me espinhar [first-person, future, singular, subjunctive], te espinhares [future, second-person, singular, subjunctive], se espinhar [future, singular, subjunctive, third-person], nos espinharmos [first-person, future, plural, subjunctive], vos espinhardes [future, plural, second-person, subjunctive], se espinharem [future, plural, subjunctive, third-person], espinha-te [imperative, second-person, singular], espinhe-se [imperative, singular, third-person], espinhemo-nos [first-person, imperative, plural], espinhai-vos [imperative, plural, second-person], espinhem-se [imperative, plural, third-person], não te espinhes [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], não se espinhe [imperative, negative, singular, third-person], não nos espinhemos [first-person, imperative, negative, plural], não vos espinheis [imperative, negative, plural, second-person], não se espinhem [imperative, negative, plural, third-person]
  1. to prick Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-espinhar-pt-verb-FKi2oA5m Categories (other): Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon, Portuguese entries referencing ambiguous etymons, Portuguese entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons, Portuguese entries with etymology texts, Portuguese entries with etymology trees, Portuguese entries with etymon, Portuguese entries with incorrect language header, Portuguese verbs ending in -ar Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 31 37 33 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 31 37 33 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 36 33 31 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 36 31 33 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 37 32 31 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries referencing ambiguous etymons: 36 30 35 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons: 34 29 36 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with etymology texts: 34 30 36 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with etymology trees: 34 29 37 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with etymon: 35 29 36 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with incorrect language header: 34 29 37 Disambiguation of Portuguese verbs ending in -ar: 36 30 34
  2. (figurative) to annoy, to pester, to nettle Tags: figuratively, transitive
    Sense id: en-espinhar-pt-verb-iWfQDPcw Categories (other): Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon, Portuguese entries referencing ambiguous etymons, Portuguese entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons, Portuguese entries with etymology texts, Portuguese entries with etymology trees, Portuguese entries with etymon, Portuguese entries with incorrect language header, Portuguese verbs ending in -ar Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 31 37 33 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 31 37 33 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 36 33 31 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 36 31 33 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 37 32 31 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries referencing ambiguous etymons: 36 30 35 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons: 34 29 36 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with etymology texts: 34 30 36 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with etymology trees: 34 29 37 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with etymon: 35 29 36 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with incorrect language header: 34 29 37 Disambiguation of Portuguese verbs ending in -ar: 36 30 34
  3. (reflexive) to become irritated, to become annoyed Tags: reflexive, transitive
    Sense id: en-espinhar-pt-verb-bqA81aYI Categories (other): Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon, Portuguese entries referencing ambiguous etymons, Portuguese entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons, Portuguese entries with etymology texts, Portuguese entries with etymology trees, Portuguese entries with etymon, Portuguese entries with incorrect language header, Portuguese terms suffixed with -ar, Portuguese verbs ending in -ar Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 31 37 33 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 31 37 33 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 36 33 31 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 36 31 33 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 37 32 31 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries referencing ambiguous etymons: 36 30 35 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons: 34 29 36 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with etymology texts: 34 30 36 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with etymology trees: 34 29 37 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with etymon: 35 29 36 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with incorrect language header: 34 29 37 Disambiguation of Portuguese terms suffixed with -ar: 23 28 48 Disambiguation of Portuguese verbs ending in -ar: 36 30 34

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "espinha",
        "4": "-ar",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nOld Galician-Portuguese espinha\nPortuguese espinha\nPortuguese -ar\nPortuguese espinhar\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"espinha\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"-ar\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"espinhar\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"espinhar\">\nFrom espinha + -ar.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nOld Galician-Portuguese espinha\nPortuguese espinha\nPortuguese -ar\nPortuguese espinhar\nFrom espinha + -ar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "espinho",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhei",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhado",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pt-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhares",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharmos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhardes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhando",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhado",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhados",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhadas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinho",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinha",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhava",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhavas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhava",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhávamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinháveis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhavam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhaste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhou",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhámos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinháramos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinháreis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharás",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhará",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhareis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharão",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharíamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharíeis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhariam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinheis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhássemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhásseis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhassem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhares",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharmos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhardes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinha",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não espinhes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não espinhemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não espinheis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não espinhem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pt-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-me",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhares-te",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharmo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhardes-vos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharem-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhando-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhado",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhados",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhadas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinho-me",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhas-te",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinha-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhamo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhais-vos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinham-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhava-me",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhavas-te",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhava-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhávamo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinháveis-vos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhavam-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhei-me",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhaste-te",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhou-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhamo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhámo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhastes-vos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharam-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhara-me",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharas-te",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhara-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinháramo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinháreis-vos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharam-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-me-ei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-te-ás",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-se-á",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-nos-emos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-vos-eis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-se-ão",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-me-ia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-te-ias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-se-ia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-nos-íamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-vos-íeis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-se-iam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "me espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "te espinhes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nos espinhemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vos espinheis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se espinhem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "me espinhasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "te espinhasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se espinhasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nos espinhássemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vos espinhásseis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se espinhassem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "me espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "te espinhares",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nos espinharmos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vos espinhardes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se espinharem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinha-te",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhe-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhemo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhai-vos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhem-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não te espinhes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não se espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não nos espinhemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não vos espinheis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não se espinhem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "espinhar (first-person singular present espinho, first-person singular preterite espinhei, past participle espinhado)",
      "name": "pt-verb"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "transitive"
      },
      "expansion": "(transitive)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pt-conj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "espinhar-se"
      },
      "name": "pt-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 37 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 37 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 33 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 31 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 32 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 30 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 29 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 30 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 29 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 29 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 29 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 30 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese verbs ending in -ar",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to prick"
      ],
      "id": "en-espinhar-pt-verb-FKi2oA5m",
      "links": [
        [
          "prick",
          "prick"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 37 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 37 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 33 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 31 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 32 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 30 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 29 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 30 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 29 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 29 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 29 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 30 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese verbs ending in -ar",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to annoy, to pester, to nettle"
      ],
      "id": "en-espinhar-pt-verb-iWfQDPcw",
      "links": [
        [
          "annoy",
          "annoy"
        ],
        [
          "pester",
          "pester"
        ],
        [
          "nettle",
          "nettle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) to annoy, to pester, to nettle"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 37 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 37 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 33 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 31 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 32 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 30 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 29 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 30 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 29 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 29 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 29 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 28 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese terms suffixed with -ar",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 30 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese verbs ending in -ar",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to become irritated, to become annoyed"
      ],
      "id": "en-espinhar-pt-verb-bqA81aYI",
      "links": [
        [
          "become",
          "become"
        ],
        [
          "irritated",
          "irritated"
        ],
        [
          "become",
          "become"
        ],
        [
          "annoyed",
          "annoyed"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to become irritated, to become annoyed"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/is.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[is.pĩˈj̃a(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/es.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[es.pĩˈj̃a(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/is.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[is.pĩˈj̃a(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/es.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[es.pĩˈj̃a(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/is.pĩˈɲa(ɾ)/",
      "tags": [
        "São-Paulo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[is.pĩˈj̃a(ɾ)]",
      "tags": [
        "São-Paulo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/es.pĩˈɲa(ɾ)/",
      "tags": [
        "São-Paulo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[es.pĩˈj̃a(ɾ)]",
      "tags": [
        "São-Paulo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iʃ.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[iʃ.pĩˈj̃a(χ)]",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eʃ.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[eʃ.pĩˈj̃a(χ)]",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/is.pĩˈɲa(ɻ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Caipira"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[is.pĩˈj̃a(ɻ)]",
      "tags": [
        "Caipira"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/es.pĩˈɲa(ɻ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Caipira"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[es.pĩˈj̃a(ɻ)]",
      "tags": [
        "Caipira"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/(i)ʃ.piˈɲaɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/(i)ʃ.piˈɲaɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/(i)ʃ.piˈɲa.ɾi/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "espinhar"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Portuguese 3-syllable words",
    "Portuguese 4-syllable words",
    "Portuguese entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
    "Portuguese entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
    "Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
    "Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
    "Portuguese entries with etymon",
    "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Portuguese lemmas",
    "Portuguese reflexive verbs",
    "Portuguese terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *spey-",
    "Portuguese terms suffixed with -ar",
    "Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Portuguese transitive verbs",
    "Portuguese verbs",
    "Portuguese verbs ending in -ar"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "espinha",
        "4": "-ar",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nOld Galician-Portuguese espinha\nPortuguese espinha\nPortuguese -ar\nPortuguese espinhar\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"espinha\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"-ar\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"espinhar\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"espinhar\">\nFrom espinha + -ar.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nOld Galician-Portuguese espinha\nPortuguese espinha\nPortuguese -ar\nPortuguese espinhar\nFrom espinha + -ar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "espinho",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhei",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhado",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pt-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhares",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharmos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhardes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhando",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhado",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhados",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhadas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinho",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinha",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhava",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhavas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhava",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhávamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinháveis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhavam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhaste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhou",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhámos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinháramos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinháreis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharás",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhará",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhareis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharão",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharíamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharíeis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhariam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinheis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhássemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhásseis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhassem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhares",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharmos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhardes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinha",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não espinhes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não espinhemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não espinheis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não espinhem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pt-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-me",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhares-te",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharmo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhardes-vos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharem-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhando-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhado",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhados",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhadas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinho-me",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhas-te",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinha-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhamo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhais-vos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinham-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhava-me",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhavas-te",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhava-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhávamo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinháveis-vos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhavam-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhei-me",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhaste-te",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhou-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhamo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhámo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhastes-vos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharam-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhara-me",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharas-te",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhara-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinháramo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinháreis-vos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinharam-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-me-ei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-te-ás",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-se-á",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-nos-emos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-vos-eis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-se-ão",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-me-ia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-te-ias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-se-ia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-nos-íamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-vos-íeis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhar-se-iam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "me espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "te espinhes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nos espinhemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vos espinheis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se espinhem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "me espinhasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "te espinhasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se espinhasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nos espinhássemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vos espinhásseis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se espinhassem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "me espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "te espinhares",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se espinhar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nos espinharmos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vos espinhardes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se espinharem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinha-te",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhe-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhemo-nos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhai-vos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "espinhem-se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não te espinhes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não se espinhe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não nos espinhemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não vos espinheis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não se espinhem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "espinhar (first-person singular present espinho, first-person singular preterite espinhei, past participle espinhado)",
      "name": "pt-verb"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "transitive"
      },
      "expansion": "(transitive)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pt-conj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "espinhar-se"
      },
      "name": "pt-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to prick"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "prick",
          "prick"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to annoy, to pester, to nettle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "annoy",
          "annoy"
        ],
        [
          "pester",
          "pester"
        ],
        [
          "nettle",
          "nettle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) to annoy, to pester, to nettle"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to become irritated, to become annoyed"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "become",
          "become"
        ],
        [
          "irritated",
          "irritated"
        ],
        [
          "become",
          "become"
        ],
        [
          "annoyed",
          "annoyed"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to become irritated, to become annoyed"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/is.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[is.pĩˈj̃a(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/es.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[es.pĩˈj̃a(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/is.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[is.pĩˈj̃a(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/es.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[es.pĩˈj̃a(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/is.pĩˈɲa(ɾ)/",
      "tags": [
        "São-Paulo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[is.pĩˈj̃a(ɾ)]",
      "tags": [
        "São-Paulo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/es.pĩˈɲa(ɾ)/",
      "tags": [
        "São-Paulo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[es.pĩˈj̃a(ɾ)]",
      "tags": [
        "São-Paulo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iʃ.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[iʃ.pĩˈj̃a(χ)]",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/eʃ.pĩˈɲa(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[eʃ.pĩˈj̃a(χ)]",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/is.pĩˈɲa(ɻ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Caipira"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[is.pĩˈj̃a(ɻ)]",
      "tags": [
        "Caipira"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/es.pĩˈɲa(ɻ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Caipira"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[es.pĩˈj̃a(ɻ)]",
      "tags": [
        "Caipira"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/(i)ʃ.piˈɲaɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/(i)ʃ.piˈɲaɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/(i)ʃ.piˈɲa.ɾi/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "espinhar"
}

Download raw JSONL data for espinhar meaning in All languages combined (21.1kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.